بررسی جمعیت‌شناختی نئوپلاسم‌های دستگاه ژنیتال داخلی زنان در بیماران مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز آسیب‌شناسی شهر بیرجند (خراسان جنوبی) از سال 1375 تا 1385

Background and Aim: One of the first steps in diagnosing neoplasms is their epidemiological study. Being aware of the epidemiological condition of different kinds of neoplasms can help us a lot in educational planning and research and cure the disorder as necessitated in a certain area. The present study was done to epidemiologically investigate the neoplasms in woman’s internal genital system in Birjand between 1996 and 2006. Materials and Methods: This analytical and descriptive study was done on 2979 biopsy dossiers of the internal genital system of women who had referred to Birjand pathology labs between 1996 and 2006. The dossiers whose pathological reports were benign and malignant neoplasms, preneoplasic damages, and ovary physiologic cyst were selected from the biopsy dossiers. Then a check-list, which demanded demography information, sampling place and time, pathological diagnosis, primary diagnosis, and the damaging process, was filled out. Finally, the obtained data was analysed by means of SPSS software using Chi-Square and t-test at the significant level of P≤0.05. Results: Most Pathologic cases were found in patients aged between 40 and 59 years (47%). Most of the patients (79.9%) who were studied were urbanites. The number of the cases of the malignant neoplasma in rural areas was twice that of urban areas, and the number of the cases of preneoplasic damages in villages was three-fold. The most malignancy rate of women’s internal genital was that of the cervix. In uterus, most cases of benign neoplasms were leiomyoma, and most cases of preneoplasic damages were complete moles and the majority of the cases of malignant neoplasms included adenocarcinoma. But the most cases of benign preneoplasic tumors were endocervical polyps. The most number of malignant tumors were Squamous Cell carcinoma (SCC). Out of ovary pathogenecity, 73.1% were physiologic cysts from which 50.7% were luteal ones. In addition, adult teratoma, as the most percentage of benign neoplasms, amounted to 30.7% and epithelial carcinoma, as the most percentage of malignant tumor, reached 53.5%. Thus, it was found that the frequency of malignant cases gradually increased during this period of 10 years (from 2.3% in 1996 to 21% in 2006). Conclusion: Regarding the high frequency of cervical malignancies, studying risk factors such as marital age, number of pregnancies, socioeconomical status, and infections are very necessary. Moreover, planning to do right and accurate screening of women especially in rural areas is of critical importance.